Copper carboxymethyl cellulose nanoparticles for efficient removal of tetracycline antibiotics in water
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Copper carboxymethyl cellulose nanoparticles for efficient removal of tetracycline antibiotics in water Zeid A. ALOthman 1 & Ahmad Yacine Badjah 1 & Omar M. L. Alharbi 2 & Imran Ali 3,4 Received: 7 June 2020 / Accepted: 17 July 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Copper carboxymethyl cellulose nanoparticles were prepared and characterized by FT-IR, XRD, SEM, TEM, and EDX techniques. Removal of tetracycline was obtained at 90% with optimized parameters of 500 μg/L concentration, 40 min contact time, 7.5 pH, 1.5 g/L dose, and 298 K temp. The adsorption followed Freundlich model very well in comparison to Langmuir. Tempkin model described good interactions between tetracycline and nanoparticles. Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherm confirmed the chemical nature of adsorption. The adsorption was pseudo-second order with a liquid film diffusion kinetics mechanism. The adsorption was endothermic and spontaneous as suggested by thermodynamics results. The supramolecular mechanism was developed for the process. Interestingly, the process was suitable at 7.5 pH with low contact time. These features of the adsorption made this process applicable at natural water conditions, making the process eco-friendly and feasible. Therefore, it may be an excellent method for the removal of tetracycline in any water system. Keywords Tetracycline removal . Copper carboxymethyl cellulose nanoparticles . Water treatment . Thermodynamics and kinetics . Supramolecular mechanism
Introduction During the last few years, surfaces and groundwater are threatened by the contamination of new regeneration pollutants (Basheer 2018a, b). These are considered as more toxic than the conventional contaminants. The new-generation contaminants are residues of various pharmaceuticals, drugs residues, pesticides, and metal ion species (Ali and Jain 1998; Ali et al. 2005; Tongur and Yildirim 2015). These are
Responsible Editor: Tito Roberto Cadaval Jr * Imran Ali [email protected]; [email protected] 1
Advanced Materials Research Chair, Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
2
Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taibah University, Al-Medina Al-Munawara 41477, Saudi Arabia
3
Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Taibah University, Al-Medina Al-Munawara 41477, Saudi Arabia
4
Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, (Central University), New Delhi 11025, India
discharged into water resources through different pharmaceutical industries and domestic sewages. Among various pharmaceuticals and drug residues, the presence of antibiotics is a very serious issue as these are being used frequently globally (Tongur and Yildirim 2015). It is because the antibiotics are toxic to the liver and other parts of the digestive system. Besides, the presence of antibiotics in water is also toxic to many microbes including useful bacteria viz. proteobacteria, cyanobacteria, algae and bacteria, and ammonium-oxidizing bacteria
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