Halobacterium rubrum sp. nov., isolated from a marine solar saltern
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Halobacterium rubrum sp. nov., isolated from a marine solar saltern Dong Han · Heng‑Lin Cui
Received: 8 June 2014 / Revised: 12 July 2014 / Accepted: 31 July 2014 © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014
Abstract Halophilic archaeal strain TGN-42-S1T was isolated from the Tanggu marine solar saltern, China. Cells from strain TGN-42-S1T were observed to be pleomorphic rods, stained Gram-negative, and formed red-pigmented colonies on solid media. Strain TGN-42-S1T was found to be able to grow at 20–50 °C (optimum 35–37 °C), at 1.7– 4.8 M NaCl (optimum 3.1 M), at 0–1.0 M MgCl2 (optimum 0.1 M), and at pH 5.0–9.0 (optimum pH 7.0–7.5). The cells lysed in distilled water, and the minimal NaCl concentration to prevent cell-lysis was found to be 10 % (w/v). The major polar lipids of the strain were phosphatidic acid, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester, phosphatidylglycerol sulfate, galactosyl mannosyl glucosyl diether (TGD-1), sulfated galactosyl mannosyl glucosyl diether (S-TGD-1), sulfated galactosyl mannosyl galactofuranosyl glucosyl diether (S-TeGD), and three unidentified glycolipids which were chromatographically identical to those of the Halobacterium species. The 16S rRNA gene and rpoB′ gene of strain TGN-42-S1T were phylogenetically related to the corresponding genes of Halobacterium jilantaiense CGMCC 1.5337T (98.8 and 93.5 % nucleotide identity, respectively), Halobacterium salinarum CGMCC 1.1958T (98.4 and 91.9 %), and Halobacterium noricense JCM 15102T (96.9 and 91.1 %). The DNA G + C content of
Communicated by Erko Stackebrandt. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00203-014-1023-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. D. Han · H.-L. Cui (*) School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Jingkou District, Zhenjiang 212013, People’s Republic of China e-mail: [email protected]
strain TGN-42-S1T was determined to be 69.2 mol %. Strain TGN-42-S1T showed low DNA–DNA relatedness with Hbt. jilantaiense CGMCC 1.5337T and Hbt. salinarum CGMCC 1.1958T, the most closely related members of the genus Halobacterium. The phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, and phylogenetic properties suggested that strain TGN-42-S1T (=CGMCC 1.12575T =JCM 19908T) represents a new species of Halobacterium, for which the name Halobacterium rubrum sp. nov. is proposed. Keywords Halobacterium rubrum sp. nov. · Halophilic archaeon · Marine solar saltern
Introduction Marine solar salterns, artificial thalassohaline environments, harbor diverse halophilic archaea, the members of the family Halobacteriaceae (Zhaxybayeva et al. 2013; Oren 2012). The past 5 years have witnessed the rapid members expansion of the family Halobacteriaceae isolated from this kind of hypersaline environment (Cui and Zhang 2014). This rapid expansion in new taxa indicates that the members of family Halobacteriaceae are more diverse than that were previously recognized. During our survey on halophilic archaeal diversity of the
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