Phytochemical analysis, antioxidant activities and optimized extraction of embelin from different genotypes of Embelia r
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Phytochemical analysis, antioxidant activities and optimized extraction of embelin from different genotypes of Embelia ribes Burm f.: a woody medicinal climber from Western Ghats of India Vidya Kamble1 • Usmangani Attar2 • Suraj Umdale1,3 • Mansingraj Nimbalkar1 Savaliram Ghane2 • Nikhil Gaikwad1
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Received: 10 January 2020 / Revised: 21 July 2020 / Accepted: 30 July 2020 Ó Prof. H.S. Srivastava Foundation for Science and Society 2020
Abstract Medicinal importance of Embelia ribes Burm f. is known since ancient time. Its berries are the main ingredient in Vidanga’ or ‘Baibidanga’—a component of ayurvedic formulations and possess medicinal properties such as antihelmintic, anticancer, neuroprotective and antidiabetic. Studies were conducted on phytochemicals, antioxidant activities, extraction efficiency of embelin from ten genotypes. Methanolic extract of berries from Nagavelli accession exhibited the highest total phenolic content (18.18 ± 0.14 mg GAE/g DW); whereas, ethanolic extract showed highest total flavonoid content (8.35 ± 0.20 mg RE/g DW). The antioxidant activities (AOA) were assessed and noted that ethanolic and methanolic extracts of berries from Nagavelli (NAG) accession revealed highest activities in terms of DPPH radical scavenging activity (67.48 ± 0.17%) and FRAP (66.73 ± 0.60 mg Fe(II)/g DW), respectively. In AOA analysis, berries extracted with different solvents were positively correlated with TPC. Principal component analysis revealed TPC and TFC were the most influencing components for strong antioxidant activities in E. ribes. Reverse phase high performance
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-020-00859-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. & Nikhil Gaikwad [email protected] 1
Department of Botany, Cytogenetic and Plant Breeding Laboratory, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, Maharashtra 416004, India
2
Department of Botany, Plant Physiology Laboratory, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, Maharashtra 416004, India
3
Department of Botany, Jaysingpur College (Affiliated to Shivaji University Kolhapur), Jaysingpur, MS 416101, India
liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) was used to quantify embelin content and its optimize extraction using various methods. In the preliminary studies, berries from NAG accession revealed highest (1.770%) embelin content. Further, berries from NAG accession were subjected to various extraction methods and found three fold increase (5.08%) in embelin content in microwave assisted extraction (90 s). Present study suggested that NAG accession found to be a promising source of natural antioxidants and embelin that can be used in pharmaceutical industries. Keywords Embelia ribes Embelin RP-HPLC Antioxidant Total phenolic content Total alkaloid content
Introduction Genus Embelia belongs to family Primulaceae consist of about 130 species (Angiosperm Phylogeny Group IV 2016). Embelia ribes Burm. f. found in semi-evergreen to evergreen forests of I
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