Beet-root ( Beta vulgaris ) found infection with root-knot nematode ( Meloidogyne incognita ) in Tripura, India
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Beet-root (Beta vulgaris) found infection with root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) in Tripura, India Amar Bahadur1 Received: 11 February 2020 / Revised: 15 February 2020 / Accepted: 5 March 2020 © Indian Phytopathological Society 2020
Abstract This is the first report of root-knot nematode on beet- roots, that caused by Meloidogyne incognita in Agartala, Tripura. Rootknot nematode species identified as Meloidogyne incognita for further appropriate management approach to initiate in future. Keywords Beet- root · Meloidogyne incognita · Perineal pattern · Juveniles · Meloidogyne females Meloidogyne sp. is the destructive plant-parasitic nematodes and frequently observed in most vegetables crop production (Koenning et al. 1999; Jones et al. 2013). First time reported root-knot nematodes by Berkeley (1855), who observed that causing damage on cucumbers. Root-knot nematodes are polyphagous, sedentary endo-parasites that penetrate young feeder roots, reduced resistance, increased susceptibility to water and nutrient stress as serious threat to agriculture. Root-knot nematodes can be easily diagnosed by symptoms associated with the presence of distinctive form root galls occurs below ground and infected plants show yellow leaves, stunting growth, nutrient deficiencies symptoms and secondary infections by fungal (Fusarium) and bacterial wilt pathogens (Hunt and Hando 2009). Crop losses depend on the root-knot nematode species and their initial residents in soil and cultivated species of the crop (Ornat and Sorribas 2008). Correct identification of the species of root-knot nematodes is necessary for the reason of the mostly appropriate management approach to initiate (Coyne et al. 2009). The Beet-root belongs to Family, Chenopodioideae and have high sugar content is a native to Southern Europe; taproot which is edible, healthy vegetable with antioxidants, these antioxidants inside red pigments that have cancer-preventing and heart-protecting properties. It also contains iron, folic acid, minerals like potassium and magnesium, vitamin A, vitamin C and vitamin B6. Beet roots are flat and heart is dark blood red with light red zoning, leaves are large bright * Amar Bahadur [email protected] 1
green with red veins and contain heavy cropper. The beet roots are spherical to compressed globe with smooth and dark red skin. This variety of the crop takes about 55–60 days to reach maturity. Beet-root cultivates most excellent under cool conditions and be able to grown around the year. Crop can be cultivated at the pH range between 6.3 and 7.5 which is most suitable for cultivation of beet-root. Rootknot nematode infestation on Beet-root (Beta vulgaris) cause reduction of crop yield and quality of beet-root Occurrence on root –knot nematode on Beta vulgaris reported as new report (Anamika and Sobita Simon 2010). Beet- root infected root-knot nematode collected from the local vegetables market at Agartala (Tripura). The root-knot nematode infected on beet-root were noticed by examining the con
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