Chemical composition and biological activities of peels and flesh from ten pear cultivars ( Pyrus ussuriensis )
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Chemical composition and biological activities of peels and flesh from ten pear cultivars (Pyrus ussuriensis) Huili Sun1 · Xiaoqian Wang1 · Xiaoyun Cao1 · Chang Liu1 · Siqi Liu1 · Deguo Lyu1 · Guodong Du1 Received: 5 August 2020 / Accepted: 10 November 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract This study aimed to determine the chemical composition (sugars, organic acids, and phenolics) and biological activities (invitro antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities) of peel and flesh tissues from 10 Pyrus ussuriensis cultivars. Four sugars and eight organic acids were identified by HPLC. The phenolic profile determined by UPLC-MS resulted in the quantification of six groups of phenolic compounds. The total phenolic contents ranged from 453.53 to 1502.04 mg/kg FW in the peels and from 51.80 to 153.98 mg/kg FW in the flesh. Antioxidant activity, determined by DPPH and FRAP, reached 35.11 and 41.63 µmol TE/g FW, respectively. The anti-inflammatory activity of the fruit extract was significant and comparable with the standard anti-inflammatory drug, diclofenac sodium. Further antibacterial assays showed that the fruit extracts displayed intriguing biological activity. Among all cultivars, ‘Pingdingxiang’ and ‘Jinxiangshui’ presented the highest concentrations of phenolic compounds and the most significant antioxidant properties, whereas the flesh of ‘Honghuagai’ showed optimal anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities in the flesh. The results shown here may be of interest for a breeding program aimed at enhancing nutritional value and, therefore, meeting the expectations of consumers for fruit with many health benefits and a specific taste. Keywords Pear · Phenolics · Biological activity · Organic acids · Sugars
Introduction Pear is consumed throughout the world and are one of the most important fruit trees [1]. As thousands of pear cultivars have been introduced to China, China has become one of the main pear-planting and pear-producing nations [2]. In addition to being used as one of the most common edible fruits, pear fruits have also been used as a traditional folk remedy in China for more than 2000 years because of its supposed diuretic and cough relieving activities [3]. In recent years, pears have been reported as healthy functional fruits, exhibiting excellent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory Huili Sun and Xiaoqian Wang have contributed equally to this work. * Deguo Lyu [email protected] * Guodong Du [email protected] 1
College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, People’s Republic of China
and antibacterial capacities [4]. These health benefits of pear fruits derive from their nutritional components, such as soluble sugars, vitamins, organic acids, amino acids, minerals and phytochemicals. Pears are a good source of phytochemicals, especially phenolics, which are important bioactive compounds known for their health benefits [5]. Phenolics are secondary metabolites with an important role in
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