Rubinisphaera italica sp. nov. isolated from a hydrothermal area in the Tyrrhenian Sea close to the volcanic island Pana
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Rubinisphaera italica sp. nov. isolated from a hydrothermal area in the Tyrrhenian Sea close to the volcanic island Panarea Nicolai Kallscheuer . Mareike Jogler . Sandra Wiegand . Stijn H. Peeters . Anja Heuer . Christian Boedeker . Mike S. M. Jetten . Manfred Rohde . Christian Jogler
Received: 23 June 2019 / Accepted: 9 September 2019 Ó The Author(s) 2019
Abstract Planctomycetes is a fascinating phylum of mostly aquatic bacteria, not only due to the environmental importance in global carbon and nitrogen cycles, but also because of a unique cell biology. Their lifestyle and metabolic capabilities are not well explored, which motivated us to study the role of Planctomycetes in biofilms on marine biotic surfaces. Here, we describe the novel strain Pan54T which was isolated from algae in a hydrothermal area close to the volcanic island Panarea in the Tyrrhenian Sea, north of Sicily in Italy. The strain grew best at pH 9.0 and 26 °C and showed typical characteristics of planctomycetal bacteria, e.g. division by polar budding, formation of aggregates and presence of stalks and crateriform structures. Phylogenetically, the strain belongs to the genus Rubinisphaera. Our analysis suggests that Pan54T represents a novel species of this genus, for which we propose the name Rubinisphaera italica sp. nov. We suggest Pan54T (= DSM 29369 = LMG 29789) as the type strain of the novel species. N. Kallscheuer M. Jogler S. Wiegand S. H. Peeters M. S. M. Jetten C. Jogler (&) Department of Microbiology, Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands e-mail: [email protected] M. Jogler A. Heuer C. Boedeker Leibniz Institute DSMZ, Braunschweig, Germany M. Rohde Central Facility for Microscopy, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, HZI, Braunschweig, Germany
Keywords Marine bacteria Planctomycetes Algae Hydrothermal area Panarea
Introduction Together with Verrucomicrobia, Lentisphaerae, Kirimatiellaeota and Chlamydiae, Planctomycetes form the medically and biotechnologically relevant PVC superphylum (Spring et al. 2016; Wagner and Horn 2006; Devos and Ward 2014). In the past, Planctomycetes were postulated as the missing link between bacteria and eukaryotes (Devos and Reynaud 2010) beyond the bacterial cell plan (Devos et al. 2013; Fuerst and Sagulenko 2011). This finding was based on proposed exceptional planctomycetal features, such as, lack of peptidoglycan (Ko¨nig et al. 1984), a compartmentalised cell plan (Lindsay et al. 1997), a nucleus-like structure (Fuerst and Webb 1991) and performance of endocytosis (Lonhienne et al. 2010). Further investigation of the planctomycetal physiology and morphology based on the advent of novel techniques changed this picture (Jogler et al. 2011; Jogler and Jogler 2013; Rivas-Marin et al. 2016). In particular, presence of peptidoglycan in some Planctomycetes was confirmed (Jeske et al. 2015; van Teeseling et al. 2015) and thus the cell plan of Planctomycetes was reinterpreted to be Gram-negative (Boe
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