Cystobasidium keelungensis sp. nov., a novel mycosporine producing carotenogenic yeast isolated from the sea surface mic
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Cystobasidium keelungensis sp. nov., a novel mycosporine producing carotenogenic yeast isolated from the sea surface microlayer in Taiwan Chin‑Feng Chang1 · Ching‑Fu Lee2,3 · Shiu‑Mei Liu4 Received: 30 May 2018 / Revised: 15 August 2018 / Accepted: 29 August 2018 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2018
Abstract Cystobasidium keelungensis SN2T (CBS 6949 = BCRC 920080), a new anamorphic basidiomycetous yeast species, is described in this paper. The strains belonging to this species were isolated from the sea surface microlayer and underlying water in Taiwan. These strains were identified by examining nucleotide sequences in the species-specific D1/D2 domains of the large subunit (LSU) ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and by evaluating their physiological characteristics. Phylogenetic analyses of D1/D2 sequences revealed that C. keelungensis was most closely related to the species C. slooffiae (LSU rRNA gene sequence divergence of 1.5%), and it belonged to the Erythrobasidium clade. No sexual reproduction was observed. This species differed from related species in carbon and nitrogen assimilation patterns and growth at 35 °C. Screening C. keelungensis for the presence of UV-absorbing compounds showed that mycosporine–glutaminol–glucoside and mycosporine– glutamicol–glucoside (maximum absorption: 310 nm) were the major UV-absorbing compounds, which differ from the compounds present in some freshwater yeast strains reported in previous studies. After UV induction, SN2 had a higher level of mycosporine production than other carotenogenic yeasts in this study. Keywords New species · Cystobasidium · Mycosporine · Sea surface microlayer
Introduction Recently published articles (Wang et al. 2015a, b) using multigene sequence analyses to reconstruct the phylogeny of the majority of described Basidiomycota yeasts (Pucciniomycotina and Tremellomycetes) and related filamentous fungi. A total of 33 monophyletic clades and 18 single species lineages were recognized among the Pucciniomycotina, Communicated by Olaf Kniemeyer. * Shiu‑Mei Liu [email protected] 1
Department of Biological Science and Technology, China University of Science and Technology, Taipei 11581, Taiwan
2
Department of Applied Science, National Tsing Hua University, Nanda Campus, 521 Nanda Road, Hsinchu 30014, Taiwan
3
Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Section 2, Kuang‑Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
4
Institute of Marine Biology, National Taiwan Ocean University, keelung 20224, Taiwan
and Rhodotorula species occurred in 17 clades and 3 single species lineages (Wang et al. 2015a), display a polyphyletic nature. The members of this genus are commonly isolated from air, water, soil, plants, and animals (Biswas et al. 2001; Nagahama et al. 2003, 2006). The R. minuta clade is the second largest group of Rhodotorula in Cystobasidiales. Yurkov et al. (2015) performed multigene phylogenetic analyses, which confirmed close relationships between the y
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