Study on optimization of extraction technique of pericarp essential oil in Litsea Cubeba (Lour) Pers
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Study on optimization of extraction technique of pericarp essential oil in Litsea Cubeba (Lour) Pers Peng Huang1 · Zhanying Gu1 · Ling Yang1 · Ruonan Yang1 · Yaxin Ji1 · Qingyang Zeng1 · Fangmeng Xiao2 · Hanyue Chen2 Received: 2 June 2020 / Accepted: 9 September 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Litsea cubeba is an important aromatic oil plant. Litsea cubeba pericarp essential oil has various physiological activities such as antibacterial activity, antioxidant capacity, etc., and is widely used. Its main ingredient is citral, which is the raw material for the synthesis of many precious spices. For the purpose of increasing yield, researchers have conducted many studies on the extraction of essential oil from pericarp of Litsea cubeba. But the extraction process still has room for optimization。In this study, Litsea cubeba fruits were subjected to an optimized method of hydrodistillation to increase the yield and biological activity of pericarp essential oils. Three-factor and three-level orthogonal experimental design was performed (fruit preservation time, distillation voltage and fruit microwave pretreatment time) to optimize the process. According to the results of orthogonal experiments, the highest yield of essential oil can be obtained after the fruit has been preserved for 9 days without microwave pretreatment and the distillation voltage is 220 V. The extracted essential oils were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS), which indicated that their main components were 2,6-Octadienal, 3,7-dimethyl-, (E)-, 2,6-Octadienal, 3,7-dimethyl-, (Z)-, 1-Heptanol and 1-Octanol. GC–MS results showed that the relative content of citral in the extracted essential oil was the highest after the fruit was preserved for nine days without microwave pretreatment and the distillation voltage was 150 V. Changes in the process will not significantly affect the main component types of essential oils, but will significantly affect the relative content of the same components. Keywords Litsea cubeba · Pericarp · Essential oil · Hydrodistillation · GC–MS * Zhanying Gu [email protected] Peng Huang [email protected] Ling Yang [email protected] Ruonan Yang [email protected] Yaxin Ji [email protected] Qingyang Zeng [email protected] Fangmeng Xiao [email protected] Hanyue Chen [email protected] 1
Forestry College, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
Bangor College, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
2
Introduction Litsea cubeba (Lour.) Pers. is a deciduous shrub or dungarunga, belonging to the family Lauraceae and genus Litsea. There are about 250 species in the world, the main producing areas are in eastern Asia, Oceania and the Pacific Islands, China, India, Malaysia, Indonesia and other countries [1]. The stems and bark of L. cubeba are smooth with green or yellow-green colour; the leaves are alternate and simple and have an aromatic smell. The blooming stage is from February to March and the fruiting stage
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