The complete mitochondrial genome of the vulnerable megophryid frog Oreolalax rhodostigmatus (Anura, Megophryidae)
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TECHNICAL NOTE
The complete mitochondrial genome of the vulnerable megophryid frog Oreolalax rhodostigmatus (Anura, Megophryidae) Yanyu Zhao1 · Jianying Chen2 · Zhe Wang1 · Zhimin Zhang1 · Mingsong Wu1 · Lei Yang1
Received: 1 September 2017 / Accepted: 24 September 2017 © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2017
Abstract Oreolalax rhodostigmatus Hu and Fei, 1979 is a rare and threatened frog, which is mainly distributed in the caves or underground waters in karst regions of southwest China. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (2017) categorized this endemic species as vulnerable. In this study, we reported the first complete mitochondrial genome of O. rhodostigmatus. The circular double-strand genome was 18,676 bp in size and contained 13 proteincoding genes, 23 transfer RNA genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes, and a putative control region. The overall nucleotide composition was: 28.0% A, 32.4% T, 24.9% C, and 14.7% G, with a total A+T content of 60.4%. The common genomic features including genome content, gene order, and composition were similar to those of other Oreolalax species. Phylogenetic analysis of 17 Megophryidae species indicated that O. rhodostigmatus was located in the basal clade of Oreolalax. Keywords Oreolalax rhodostigmatus · Megophryidae · Mitochondrial genome · Karst region Oreolalax (Anura, Megophryidae), is an endemic genus of the southwest China, which consists of 17 extant species. Most of Oreolalax speices showed the decreasing population trend. Within the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) red list of threatened species, two Oreolalax * Yanyu Zhao [email protected] 1
Department of Medical Genetics, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
Department of Resource Environment, Qiannan Normal College for Nationalities, Duyun, China
2
species were listed as critically endangered, and four Oreolalax species were listed as endangered. Meanwhile, five Oreolalax species including Oreolalax rhodostigmatus were listed as vulnerable (http://www.iucnredlist.org). In fact, O. rhodostigmatus occurs in only few locations, although its historical distribution is relatively wide (Zhang et al. 2014). Up to now, the known habitats are mainly limestone caves in forested habitats. As an important organism of the cave ecosystem in karst regions, O. rhodostigmatus will be a ideal model for understanding the evolution of organisms in caves or underground waters. Recently, with the rapid development of tourism, its limestone cave habitat showed marked degradation and loss. Additionally, the tadpoles of this species were also collected for food. All these human activities resulted in the obvious reduction of natural population size for O. rhodostigmatus. It is obvious that the more biology background including genetic data should be investigation for guiding conservation and management of this frog. Mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) has been routinely used as the powerful molecular resources for DNA barcoding, phylogenetic analysis, population genetic and dynamic studi
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