Valorization of Wastepaper Through Antimicrobial Functionalization with Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles, a Sustainable Pac
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Valorization of Wastepaper Through Antimicrobial Functionalization with Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles, a Sustainable Packaging Composite Ozioma Forstinus Nwabor1,2 · Sudarshan Singh2 · Julalak Chorachoo Ontong2,3 · Kitiya Vongkamjan4 · Supayang Piyawan Voravuthikunchai2 Received: 11 April 2020 / Accepted: 7 September 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Wood pulping for paper production accounts for bulk of the tree lost, with numerous adverse effects to the environment. In this study, Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaf extract was used for silver nanoparticles synthesis. The nanoparticles were used as functional agent for the valorization of wastepaper. The nanocomposite paper was characterized for physicochemical, antibacterial and cytotoxicity. DLS and TEM revealed a spherical nano-sized particle with effective diameters of 138.6 nm and mean size of 13.11 nm, respectively while zeta potential was − 35.85 mV. Minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal concentrations of silver nanoparticles ranged from 0.99 to 1.99 µg/mL and 3.98–15.91 µg/mL respectively. UV–vis spectra presented a peak at 427 nm, indicating the surface plasmon resonance band of silver in the paper. SEM and EDX showed uniform distribution of silver nanoparticles, whereas EDX and ICP-OES results indicated Ag concentration of 0.1%Wt and 0.0112 µg/cm2, respectively. Antibacterial efficacy of the paper demonstrated a bactericidal effect against Bacillus cereus and Escherichia coli O157:H7 with > 3log reduction in CFU/mL after 3 h of treatment and bacteriostatic effect against Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus. In addition, cytotoxicity against HEK293T and Caco-2 cells revealed > 80% cell viability. Results indicate that valorization of wastepaper through functionalization with bioactive silver nanoparticles could serve as a sustainable waste management approach.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-020-01237-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Supayang Piyawan Voravuthikunchai [email protected] 1
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand
2
Excellence Research Laboratory on Natural Products, Division of Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Natural Product Research Center of Excellence, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand
3
Cosmetic Technology and Dietary Supplement Products Program, Faculty of Agro and Bio Industry, Thaksin University, Ban Pa Phayom, Phatthalung 93210, Thailand
4
Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Agro‑Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90112, Thailand
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Waste and Biomass Valorization
Graphic Abstract
Keywords Valorization · Recycled wastepaper · Functionalization · Nanocomposite · Antimicrobial · Packaging material
Statement of Novelty The current work provides a novel and cheap pr
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